S. Yukl, . Shergill, . Ak, K. Mcquaid, S. Gianella et al., Effect of raltegravir-containing intensification on HIV burden and T-cell activation in multiple gut sites of HIV-positive adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, AIDS, vol.24, issue.16, pp.2451-2460, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32833ef7bb

J. Llibre, . Buzón, . Mj, M. Massanella, A. Esteve et al., Treatment intensification with raltegravir in subjects with sustained HIV-1 viraemia suppression: a randomized 48-week study, Antiviral Therapy, vol.17, issue.2, pp.355-364, 2012.
DOI : 10.3851/IMP1917

G. Hütter, D. Nowak, M. Mossner, S. Ganepola, A. Müssig et al., Delta32/Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.360, issue.7, pp.692-698, 2009.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa0802905

B. Berkhout, Toward a Durable Anti-HIV Gene Therapy Based on RNA Interference, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol.360, issue.1, pp.3-14, 2009.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.176.4.2053

B. Berkhout and . Ter-brake, Towards a durable RNAi gene therapy for HIV-AIDS, Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol.109, issue.2, pp.161-170, 2009.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1112014

J. Burnett, . Zaia, and J. Rossi, Creating genetic resistance to HIV, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.24, issue.5, pp.625-632, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.coi.2012.08.013

URL : http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3478429

A. Fire, S. Xu, . Montgomery, . Mk, . Kostas et al., Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans, Nature, vol.391, issue.6669, pp.806-811, 1998.
DOI : 10.1038/35888

O. Ter-brake, P. Konstantinova, . Ceylan, and B. Berkhout, Silencing of HIV-1 with RNA Interference: a Multiple shRNA Approach, Molecular Therapy, vol.14, issue.6, pp.883-892, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.07.007

O. Ter-brake, N. Legrand, . Von-eije, . Kj, M. Centlivre et al., Evaluation of safety and efficacy of RNAi against HIV-1 in the human immune system (Rag-2-/-??c-/-) mouse model, mouse model, pp.148-153, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.mt.6300382

G. Wang, . Levine, . Bl, . Binder, . Gk et al., Analysis of Lentiviral Vector Integration in HIV+ Study Subjects Receiving Autologous Infusions of Gene Modified CD4+ T Cells, Molecular Therapy, vol.17, issue.5, pp.844-850, 2009.
DOI : 10.1038/mt.2009.16

P. Kumar, . Ban, . Hs, . Kim, . Ss et al., T Cell-Specific siRNA Delivery Suppresses HIV-1 Infection in Humanized Mice, Cell, vol.134, issue.4, pp.577-586, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2008.06.034

J. Anderson, . Li, . Mj, B. Palmer, L. Remling et al., Safety and Efficacy of a Lentiviral Vector Containing Three Anti-HIV Genes???CCR5 Ribozyme, Tat-rev siRNA, and TAR Decoy???in SCID-hu Mouse???Derived T Cells, Molecular Therapy, vol.15, issue.6, pp.1182-1188, 2007.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.mt.6300157

N. Legrand, T. Cupedo, . Van-lent, . Au, . Ebeli et al., Transient accumulation of human mature thymocytes and regulatory T cells with CD28 superagonist in "human immune system" Rag2-/-??c-/- mice, Blood, vol.108, issue.1, pp.238-245, 2006.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2006-01-0190

M. Manz, Human-Hemato-Lymphoid-System Mice: Opportunities and Challenges, Immunity, vol.26, issue.5, pp.537-541, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2007.05.001

URL : http://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2007.05.001

L. Shultz, . Ishikawa, and D. Greiner, Humanized mice in translational biomedical research, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.18, issue.2, pp.118-130, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63352-4

R. Gimeno, K. Weijer, A. Voordouw, C. Uittenbogaart, N. Legrand et al., Monitoring the effect of gene silencing by RNA interference in human CD34+ cells injected into newborn RAG2-/- ??c-/- mice: functional inactivation of p53 in developing T cells, Blood, vol.104, issue.13, pp.3886-3893, 2004.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0656

E. Traggiai, L. Chicha, L. Mazzucchelli, L. Bronz, J. Piffaretti et al., Development of a Human Adaptive Immune System in Cord Blood Cell-Transplanted Mice, Science, vol.304, issue.5667, pp.104-107, 2004.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1093933

F. Ishikawa, M. Yasukawa, B. Lyons, S. Yoshida, T. Miyamoto et al., Development of functional human blood and immune systems in NOD/SCID/IL2 receptor ?? chainnull mice, Blood, vol.106, issue.5, pp.1565-1573, 2005.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2005-02-0516

P. Denton and J. García, Humanized mouse models of HIV infection, AIDS Rev, vol.13, pp.135-148, 2011.

. Berges and M. Rowan, The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment, Retrovirology, vol.8, issue.1, p.65, 2011.
DOI : 10.1186/1742-4690-8-65

K. Sato and K. , The mouse is out of the bag: insights and perspectives on HIV-1-infected humanized mouse models, Experimental Biology and Medicine, vol.95, issue.8, pp.977-985, 2011.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1000475107

R. Van-duyne, J. Cardenas, R. Easley, W. Wu, K. Kehn-hall et al., Effect of transcription peptide inhibitors on HIV-1 replication, Virology, vol.376, issue.2, pp.308-322, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virol.2008.02.036

O. Ter-brake, K. Hooft, Y. Liu, M. Centlivre, and V. Eije, Lentiviral Vector Design for Multiple shRNA Expression and Durable HIV-1 Inhibition, Molecular Therapy, vol.16, issue.3, pp.557-564, 2008.
DOI : 10.1038/sj.mt.6300382

K. Von-eije, . Ter-brake, and B. Berkhout, Stringent testing identifies highly potent and escape-proof anti-HIV short hairpin RNAs, The Journal of Gene Medicine, vol.103, issue.6, pp.459-467, 2009.
DOI : 10.3748/wjg.v12.i37.6046

K. Von-eije, . Ter-brake, and B. Berkhout, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Escape Is Restricted When Conserved Genome Sequences Are Targeted by RNA Interference, Journal of Virology, vol.82, issue.6, pp.2895-2903, 2008.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.02035-07

S. Knoepfel, M. Centlivre, Y. Liu, . Boutimah, and B. Berkhout, Selection of RNAi-based inhibitors for anti-HIV gene therapy, World Journal of Virology, vol.1, issue.3, pp.79-90, 2012.
DOI : 10.5501/wjv.v1.i3.79

J. Eekels, . Pasternak, . Ao, . Schut, . Am et al., A competitive cell growth assay for the detection of subtle effects of gene transduction on cell proliferation, Gene Therapy, vol.19, issue.11, pp.1058-1064, 2012.
DOI : 10.1186/1742-4690-3-2

O. Neill and . Hc, Prothymocyte seeding in the thymus, Immunology Letters, vol.27, issue.1, pp.1-6, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0165-2478(91)90234-2

J. Tan, I. Visan, . Yuan, and C. Guidos, Requirement for Notch1 signals at sequential early stages of intrathymic T cell development, Nature Immunology, vol.166, issue.7, pp.671-679, 2005.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.166.10.5964

R. Haddad, F. Guimiot, E. Six, F. Jourquin, N. Setterblad et al., Dynamics of Thymus-Colonizing Cells during Human Development, Immunity, vol.24, issue.2, pp.217-230, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.immuni.2006.01.008

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00164311

R. Boudreau, . Monteys, . Davidson, and . Bl, Minimizing variables among hairpin-based RNAi vectors reveals the potency of shRNAs, RNA, vol.14, issue.9, pp.1834-1844, 2008.
DOI : 10.1261/rna.1062908

J. Mcbride, R. Boudreau, . Harper, . Sq, . Staber et al., Artificial miRNAs mitigate shRNA-mediated toxicity in the brain: Implications for the therapeutic development of RNAi, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.9, issue.16, pp.5868-5873, 2008.
DOI : 10.1089/hum.1998.9.16-2353

D. Castanotto, K. Sakurai, R. Lingeman, H. Li, L. Shively et al., Combinatorial delivery of small interfering RNAs reduces RNAi efficacy by selective incorporation into RISC, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.35, issue.15, pp.5154-5164, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkm543

D. Grimm, . Streetz, . Kl, . Jopling, . Cl et al., Fatality in mice due to oversaturation of cellular microRNA/short hairpin RNA pathways, Nature, vol.78, issue.7092, pp.537-541, 2006.
DOI : 10.1038/nature04791

T. Vickers, . Lima, . Wf, . Nichols, . Crooke et al., Reduced levels of Ago2 expression result in increased siRNA competition in mammalian cells, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.35, issue.19, pp.6598-6610, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkm663

C. Xiao and K. Rajewsky, MicroRNA Control in the Immune System: Basic Principles, Cell, vol.136, issue.1, pp.26-36, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2008.12.027

J. Walker, R. Chen, J. Mcgee, C. Nacey, R. Pollard et al., Generation of an HIV-1-Resistant Immune System with CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transduced with a Triple-Combination Anti-HIV Lentiviral Vector, Journal of Virology, vol.86, issue.10, pp.5719-5729, 2012.
DOI : 10.1128/JVI.06300-11

G. Ringpis, S. Shimizu, H. Arokium, J. Camba-colón, . Carroll et al., Engineering HIV-1-Resistant T-Cells from Short-Hairpin RNA-Expressing Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells in Humanized BLT Mice, PLoS ONE, vol.73, issue.12, p.53492, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0053492.s004

URL : http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053492

D. Digiusto, A. Krishnan, L. Li, H. Li, S. Li et al., RNA-Based Gene Therapy for HIV with Lentiviral Vector-Modified CD34+ Cells in Patients Undergoing Transplantation for AIDS-Related Lymphoma, Science Translational Medicine, vol.329, issue.14, pp.36-43, 2010.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199309303291402

J. Burnett, . Rossi, and K. Tiemann, Current progress of siRNA/shRNA therapeutics in clinical trials, Biotechnology Journal, vol.16, issue.9, pp.1130-1146, 2011.
DOI : 10.1261/rna.2005710

N. Legrand, . Huntington, . Nd, M. Nagasawa, . Bakker et al., Functional CD47/signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRP??) interaction is required for optimal human T- and natural killer- (NK) cell homeostasis in vivo, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.123, issue.2, pp.13224-13229, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.032

T. Dull, R. Zufferey, M. Kelly, R. Mandel, M. Nguyen et al., A thirdgeneration lentivirus vector with a conditional packaging system, J Virol, vol.72, pp.8463-8471, 1998.

J. Seppen, M. Rijnberg, O. Cooreman, . Elferink, and . Rp, Lentiviral vectors for efficient transduction of isolated primary quiescent hepatocytes, Journal of Hepatology, vol.36, issue.4, pp.459-465, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00308-7

K. Weijer, C. Uittenbogaart, A. Voordouw, F. Couwenberg, J. Seppen et al., Intrathymic and extrathymic development of human plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors in vivo, Blood, vol.99, issue.8, pp.2752-2759, 2002.
DOI : 10.1182/blood.V99.8.2752

K. Takenaka, . Prasolava, . Tk, J. Wang, . Mortin-toth et al., Polymorphism in Sirpa modulates engraftment of human hematopoietic stem cells, Nature Immunology, vol.1, issue.12, pp.1313-1323, 2007.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.167.5.2547

P. Oldenborg, A. Zheleznyak, Y. Fang, C. Lagenaur, . Gresham et al., Role of CD47 as a Marker of Self on Red Blood Cells, Science, vol.288, issue.5473, pp.2051-2054, 2000.
DOI : 10.1126/science.288.5473.2051